A colored music notation system and a method of colorizing music notation using seven colors that are easily distinguishable from one another, representing the seven unique notes in an octave. The color of a note may be chosen from a list of colors in CMYK format, with a tolerance of plus or minus ten points, preferably plus or minus five points in attributes for any of the colors. The colors may be reproduced by any printing method, including using a conventional personal computer. The colors are easily reproducible within acceptable tolerances on a wide variety of media and with a range of printing options, can be read under various lighting conditions, and do not make written music unpleasant to the eye. The colors are also sufficiently different to allow for easy recognition of common chord combinations by the recollection of simple groups of colors. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, notes affected by an accidental are the same color as the natural note to which they are related. The invention also provides a method for applying color to the keys a keyboard instrument.