An orthogonal heterodyne in-band optical signal-to-noise-ratio (OSNR) monitoring method and apparatus that use the polarization characteristics of two narrow bandwidth filtered optical spectral components which is not only insensitive to the effects of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and inter-channel cross-phase modulation (XPM) induced nonlinear polarization scattering, but also independent of bit rate and modulation format. The monitoring method is demonstrated for both linear and nonlinear systems.

 
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