A sensor with sound navigation and ranging applications is presented. The
invention includes a pressure conduction composite sandwiched between
electrically conductive elements so as to sense pressure associated with
an acoustic wave via a change in conductance within the composite. One
electrically conductive element is rigid and includes the hull of a
vessel or wall of a sea-based device. The pressure conduction composite
is composed of a non-conductive matrix having a conductive fill at or
near the percolation threshold of the material system. The pressure
conduction composite is highly resistive in its uncompressed state.
However, resistance decreases with increasing compression. In preferred
embodiments, sensors are arranged in an array architecture including
planar and conformal configurations. The present invention has immediate
application in submarines, ships, and sonobuoys.