The inventive device comprises a shelf for inclining said device on the upper and lower footings thereof, and a facility for maintaining a trained person on the tilted shelf in a lying position. The keeping maintenance facilities is mounted on the shelf and embodied in such a way that the projection of the midbackbone of a trained person matches the middle of the spacing of the shelf. Said shelf is embodied in such a way that the shelf sags in the middle of the spacing thereof within a range of 0.5 5% of the spacing length, the trained person being placed in a required region and position. The inventive method for preventing and treating deformations and degenerative diseases of the backbone provides a backbone extension performed on a special device and a training of base muscles supporting the backbone. In accordance with the invention, while the backbone is extended short muscles thereof are also trained.