A novel soybean cultivar, designated S030153, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar S030153, to the plants of soybean S030153 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing the cultivar S030153 with itself or another soybean variety. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds and plants produced by crossing the cultivar S030153 with another soybean cultivar.