The phantom for quality control used to perform verification of performance and invariance of a radiation imaging system includes substrates and image quality evaluation patterns fixed to the substrates. The patterns is photographed with the system and images obtained by photographing is evaluated based on image quality evaluation items. A coefficient of linear expansion .alpha..sub.p of each of corresponding patterns fixed to each of the substrates and a coefficient of linear expansion .alpha..sub.s of each of the substrates to which the corresponding patterns are fixed, are in a relation of |.alpha..sub.p-.alpha..sub.s|.ltoreq.5.times.10.sup.-5.