The invention concerns the use of filtering means comprising a housing (2) wherein are arranged parallel to one another a plurality of hollow fibers (3), whereof the porous wall (3a) of each defines an aperture (4), so that said means comprises a inner path and an outer path (B) corresponding to the volume available between the fibers and the disc separator for treating an initial sample with large volume comprising in diluted state a plurality of micro-organisms of different sizes. The invention is characterised in that during at least a concentration step, one single means of filtering is available, the atomic mass unit threshold of the porous wall (3a) of the fibers is determined so as to retain the smallest micro-organism of the initial sample, said means being used in frontal mode and discontinuously, thereby providing the output sample liquid, that is the concentrate.