According to the invention, there is provided a novel soybean variety designated XB36Q06. This invention thus relates to the seeds of soybean variety XB36Q06, to the plants of soybean XB36Q06 to plant parts of soybean variety XB36Q06 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing plants of the soybean variety XB36Q06 with another soybean plant, using XB36Q06 as either the male or the female parent.