This invention relates to novel triazolopyrimidines of the formula ##STR00001## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4and X have the meanings given in the disclosure, to a plurality of processes for preparing these novel substances, and to their use for controlling unwanted microorganisms. This invention further relates to novel intermediates of the formulae ##STR00002## ##STR00003## and processes for their preparation and additionally relates to novel amines and carbamates of the formulae given in the disclosure and processes for their preparation.