A lightweight direct methanol fuel cell unit (20) comprising a fuel cell
stack (24) enclosed within a housing (22). In one embodiment the fuel
cell stack includes a plurality of polymer electrolyte membrane electrode
assemblies (52) stacked alternatingly with a plurality of bipolar plates
(48). Each bipolar plate includes a cathode flow field (78) defined by a
porous cathode flow field structure (56) and an anode flow field (62)
defined by an upper plate (58) and a lower plate (60) separated from one
another by a plurality of spacers (64). The anode flow fields are
manifolded with one another via manifold embossments (118, 120) that are
hermetically sealed with one another with a gasket (126). The fuel cell
stack and housing are shaped so as to form four manifold regions (36) in
the spaces between the fuel cell stack and housing. The fuel cell stack
is compressed within the housing by compression members (94) located
between the fuel cell stack and housing so as to place the sidewall (30)
of the housing into tension. Supporting systems for the fuel cell unit
include a fuel handling system (502), an oxidant handling system (600),
and a liquid inventory control system (700).