Techniques for implementing a digital signature algorithm in electronic
computer hardware include computing the multiplicative inverse of a
particular integer modulo a prime modulus by computing a first quantity
modulo the prime modulus. The first quantity substantially equals, modulo
the prime modulus, the particular integer raised to a power of a second
quantity. The second quantity is two less than the prime modulus. The
techniques allow an integrated circuit block to compute a modulo
multiplicative inverse, such as for signing and verifying digital
signatures, using existing blocks of circuitry that consume considerably
less area on a chip, and incur fewer developmental costs, than an
implementation of an algorithm conventionally used in software.