An electro-tactile panel (ETP) apparatus for a display panel is disclosed. The ETP apparatus is composed of three major parts: a controller, a panel, and a holder. The panel consists of four layer made of transparent material. The first layer is an insulating substrate, the second layer is a conductive layer formed of a plurality of horizontal electrodes on the first layer. The third layer is an insulating layer having holes formed therein, which corresponding to the electrodes on the second layer. The fourth layer is a conductive layer formed of a plurality of vertical electrodes on the third layer. The panel is attached to the display panel by means of the holder apparatus. The electro-tactile signal and cursor position is process by the controller when the skin touches the panel so that some positions of the vertical electrodes and horizontal electrodes are electrically connected through the holes.

 
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> Liquid crystal display apparatus having wide transparent electrode and stripe electrodes

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