A bromine/nitro moiety linked into the backbone of an ester or other
compound over a wide range of occurrence rates provides antimicrobial,
bio-resistant and fungal resistant properties for metal working fluids
(MWF)s, coatings, plastics, and medical devices. The moiety can be have
the bromo and nitro groups linked to the same or different carbon atoms.
The present invention also relates to urethanes, urea, amides, imides,
carbonates, ethers, siloxanes, and many other types of linkages essential
to MWF bases.