Methods, systems, and apparatuses for down-converting an electromagnetic
(EM) signal by aliasing the EM signal are described herein. Briefly
stated, such methods, systems, and apparatuses operate by receiving an EM
signal and an aliasing signal having an aliasing rate. The EM signal is
aliased according to the aliasing signal to down-convert the EM signal.
The term aliasing, as used herein, refers to both down-converting an EM
signal by under-sampling the EM signal at an aliasing rate, and
down-converting an EM signal by transferring energy from the EM signal at
the aliasing rate. In an embodiment, the EM signal is down-converted to
an intermediate frequency (IF) signal. In another embodiment, the EM
signal is down-converted to a demodulated baseband information signal. In
another embodiment, the EM signal is a frequency modulated (FM) signal,
which is down-converted to a non-FM signal, such as a phase modulated
(PM) signal or an amplitude modulated (AM) signal.