Provided is a road surface state estimating system for carrying out measuring along a plurality of measuring lines on a paved road surface, which improves the reliability of texture estimation of the road surface. A road surface state estimating system (1) includes a laser displacement meter (11) for measuring a distance to the road surface, a stepping motor (120A), rails (12A and 12B), a ball screw (121A), and mounting members (13A and 13B) for causing the laser displacement meter (11) to scan along the measuring lines, and a stepping motor (130), a rail (13), a ball screw (131), and a mounting member (11A) for moving the laser displacement meter (11) in a direction orthogonal to the measuring lines, which allows the laser displacement meter (11) to carry out measurement along the plurality of measuring lines while it is translated two-dimensionally. By determining a mean value of a plurality of texture scores such as MPDs calculated from the result of the measurement along the plurality of measuring lines, the reliability of the texture estimation is improved.