A vehicle simulator comprising: (i) a real-world vehicle (1) whose
controls and instruments are dual-mode such that they can be switched
between normal operation and simulated operation; (ii) a retro-reflecting
screen (3) which is deployed around and outside windows of a control area
(cockpit) of the vehicle (1), which control area is for a person
operating the simulator; (iii) an image projector (9) for being mounted
on a head or headwear of the operator; (iv) a head position and
orientation sensing system (11) mounted on the head or the headwear of
the operator; (v) a simulator host computer that receives information
from controls of the vehicle (1) and sends information to the controls
and to instruments of the vehicle (1) when the vehicle (1) is in a
simulation mode; and (vi) an image generator computer (8) that receives
data from the simulator host computer regarding the vehicle's simulated
position and orientation and that also receives data from the head
position and orientation sensing system (11) regarding the operator's
head position and orientation, and that sends a computed image to the
image projector (9).