Disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing Vitamin D receptor activators or Vitamin D analogs to treat, prevent or inhibit vascular disease. The pharmaceutical compositions may also include ACE inhibitors or other agents. Also disclosed are methods of reducing PAI-1 expression by administering effective amounts of Vitamin D receptor activators or Vitamin D analogs to a mammal in need thereof. Additionally disclosed are methods of preventing, inhibiting or treating thrombosis in a mammal in need of such prevention, inhibition or treatment comprising administering effective amounts of Vitamin D receptor activators or Vitamin D analogs to the mammal.