A Trap Read Only Memory (TROM) architecture employs a NAND-type array structure configured as a read-only memory that is programmed only one time. The memory cells in the array comprise a gate terminal, a first channel terminal (source/drain), a second channel terminal (drain/source) and a channel region between the first and second channel terminals. A charge trapping structure, such as a layer of silicon nitride, is formed over the channel region. A tunneling dielectric is placed between the channel region and the charge trapping structure, and a blocking dielectric is placed between the charge trapping structure and the gate terminal. An E-field assisted (Fowler-Nordheim FN) tunneling program algorithm is applied.

 
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> Operation scheme for spectrum shift in charge trapping non-volatile memory

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