An electrostatic capacitance detection device includes an electrostatic capacitance detection element arranged in M rows and N columns. The electrostatic capacitance detection element includes a signal detection element that retains a charge in proportion to the electrostatic capacitance. The signal detection element includes a capacitance detection electrode and a capacitance detection dielectric layer formed on the capacitance detection electrode. The capacitance detection dielectric layer includes a first semiconductor layer and an insulator disposed between the capacitance detection electrode and the first semiconductor layer. A signal amplification element amplifies a signal corresponding to the retained charge in the signal detection element. The signal amplification element includes a second semiconductor layer different from the first semiconductor layer. A power supply line supplies a power source to the electrostatic capacitance detection element.