A MOS or CMOS sensor with a multi-layer photodiode layer covering an array
of active pixel circuits. The multi-layer photodiode layer of each pixel
is fabricated as continuous layers of charge generating material on top
of the MOS and/or CMOS pixel circuits so that extremely small pixels are
possible with almost 100 percent packing factors. The sensor includes
special features to minimize or eliminate pixel to pixel crosstalk. A
micro-lens array with a micro-lens positioned above each pixel directs
light illuminating the pixel toward the central portion of the pixel and
away from its edges. Also, preferably carbon is added to doped amorphous
silicon N or P bottom layer of the multi-layer photodiode layer to
increase the electrical resistivity in the bottom layer to further
discourage crosstalk. In preferred embodiments each of the pixels define
a tiny surface area equal to or larger than about 3.24 square microns and
smaller than or equal to about 25 square microns. Detailed descriptions
are provided for two general types of sensors. The first type has a pixel
count of about 0.3 to 1.9 million pixels and are especially suited for
sues such as cell phone cameras. The second type with pixel count of
between about 1.9 million pixels to more than 5 million pixels is
especially suited for high definition television cameras.