A distributed auction system allows remote bidders to interactively
participate by computer in live auctions conducted on-site by an
auctioneer. The system includes a console program that runs on a computer
at a site of the auction. A human proxy that attends the live auction
enters auction state information into an interface of the console program
for real time dissemination to the remote bidders. The human proxy also
receives via the interface information about valid bids placed by the
remote bidders, and communicates such bids to the auctioneer. The auction
state information is disseminated to the remote bidders via a set of
nodes that are hierarchically connected such that different nodes are
assigned to different sets of remote bidders. These nodes also filter out
invalid bids received from the remote bidders, based on stored auction
state information, to prevent such bids from unnecessarily being
communicated to the human proxy.