A phase-change memory cell may be formed by selectively depositing the
lower electrode in the phase-change memory pore. Thereafter, an
adhesion-promoting material may be selectively deposited on the
selectively deposited lower electrode and the upper surface surrounding
the pore. Through the use of selective deposition techniques, the
adhesion-promoting material can be positioned where needed and the lower
electrode may be defined in a fashion that may reduce shunting current,
reduce device current requirements, and increase dynamic range in some
embodiments.