An intermediate transfer medium on which a toner image is to be transferred, having a property such that a surface potential thereon decays with time t according to an equation V=A exp(-t/.tau.) wherein V represents the surface potential of the intermediate transfer medium in absolute value; A is a constant; and .tau. is a dielectric relaxation time constant, wherein the dielectric relaxation time constant is less than 1.5 seconds. An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member configured to bear an electrostatic latent image thereon; a developing device configured to develop the latent image with a developer including a toner to form a toner image on the image bearing member; the intermediate transfer medium mentioned above configured to receive the toner image from the image bearing member; and a transfer device configured to transfer the toner image to a receiving material.