The present invention is a fuel cell stack including at least one direct
methanol fuel cell. A cathode manifold is used to convey ambient air to
each fuel cell, and an anode manifold is used to convey liquid methanol
fuel to each fuel cell. Tie-bolt penetrations and tie-bolts are spaced
evenly around the perimeter to hold the fuel cell stack together. Each
fuel cell uses two graphite-based plates. One plate includes a cathode
active area that is defined by serpentine channels connecting the inlet
manifold with an integral flow restrictor to the outlet manifold. The
other plate includes an anode active area defined by serpentine channels
connecting the inlet and outlet of the anode manifold. Located between
the two plates is the fuel cell active region.