The composition comprises a source of sodium, a source of potassium, a source of calcium and a source of magnesium, which consist of physiologically acceptable compounds of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, soluble or dispersible in an aqueous medium, which in solution or dispersion in said aqueous medium provide ions of said elements. The composition is useful for the treatment of diseases of muscular, neuromuscular or osseous etiology, as well as in the treatment of states lacking or deficient in said elements, and in the muscular recovery of healthy persons and animals.