A sensor system has an AlN substrate, a W layer on the substrate, a signal
source adapted to apply an electrical actuating signal to the W layer,
and a sensor adapted to sense the response of the W layer. The W layer
can comprise a thin film, with various types of optional protective
layers over the film. Applications include sensing temperature, fluid
flow rates, fluid levels, pressure and chemical environments. For a
planar heater, the W layer comprises a plurality of conductive strands
distributed on the substrate, with the strands generally parallel and
serpentine shaped for a rectangular substrate, and extending along
respective lines of longitude that merge at opposite poles of the
substrate for a circular substrate.