Botulinum toxin may be used to inhibit the cascade of events leading to acne. Results in preliminary studies have been dramatic. Without wishing to be bound by this theory, it is believed that botulinum toxin achieves this result through parasympathetic effects, inhibiting sweat gland activity, stimulating keratinocyte locomotion, anti-inflammatory effects, and possibly anti-androgenic effects. Botulinum toxin can play an important role in decreasing and even preventing the formation of acne.