When substantially all features in a layout for a layer of material in an
integrated circuit (IC) are defined using a phase shifting mask, the
related complementary mask that is normally used to define the remaining
features and edges can be improved if intensities in an aerial image from
openings on the complementary mask that are below threshold are increased
to ensure that each opening meets or exceeds threshold. Such increase of
intensities improves effectiveness of critical openings that are
otherwise too small to print. Absent intensity increase, such openings
could limit the application of optical lithography using phase shifting
masks to ever shrinking technologies. The intensities are increased in
some embodiments by enlarging some openings in the complementary mask in
directions not constrained by features to be formed in an integrated
circuit (by use of the phase shifting mask).