Devices and methods provide for ablation of cardiac tissue for treating
cardiac arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation. Although the devices and
methods are often be used to ablate epicardial tissue in the vicinity of
at least one pulmonary vein, various embodiments may be used to ablate
other cardiac tissues in other locations on a heart. Devices generally
include at least one tissue contacting member for contacting epicardial
tissue and securing the ablation device to the epicardial tissue, and at
least one ablation member for ablating the tissue. Various embodiments
include features, such as suction apertures, which enable the device to
attach to the epicardial surface with sufficient strength to allow the
tissue to be stabilized via the device. For example, some embodiments may
be used to stabilize a beating heart to enable a beating heart ablation
procedure. Many of the devices may be introduced into a patient via
minimally invasive introducer devices and the like. Although devices and
methods of the invention may be used to ablate epicardial tissue to treat
atrial fibrillation, they may also be used in veterinary or research
contexts, to treat various heart conditions other than atrial
fibrillation and/or to ablate cardiac tissue other than the epicardium. A
method is described for treating cardiac arrhythmia by: verifying at
least one location of a patient's cardiac parasympathetic ganglia,
advancing at least one treatment member through an incision on the
patient into the vicinity of the cardiac parasympathetic ganglia and
applying energy to ablate at least one the cardiac parasympathetic
ganglia. A combined pacing and ablation probe is described for performing
the method.