An electro-thermal ice protection system for an airfoil comprises: a metal
foil heater including an integral parting strip, the metal foil heater
configurable to cover at least a portion of a leading edge of the airfoil
with the integral parting strip disposed along an air-stagnation zone of
the leading edge; and a controller coupled electrically to the metal foil
heater for controlling electrical energy from a power source to the metal
foil of the heater in accordance with a pulse duty-cycle and for
controlling power to the parting strip of the heater to maintain the
air-stagnation zone virtually free of ice formation. A method of making
an exemplary metal foil heater for use in ice protection of an airfoil
comprises the steps of: preparing a sheet of Titanium foil in a
rectangular shape having a length substantially greater than a width
thereof for covering at least a portion of the leading edge of the
airfoil; applying a layer of Nickel material over an area along each
width edge of the Titanium foil; applying a layer of Copper material over
the Nickel layer along each width edge of the Titanium foil; and
attaching conductor wires to the Copper layers at each width edge.