A method for treating hard water comprising the steps of flowing water
containing suspended colloidal mineral particles through a confined
treatment zone, applying an electrical potential across the flowing water
to cause electrical current to flow through the water, increasing the
zeta potential of the suspended colloidal particles. The increased zeta
potential causes the particles to repel each other, preventing
aggregation and precipitation onto surfaces in contact with the water to
form scale or create hard pan conditions in soil on which the water
falls.