The invention is a thin film composite solid (and a means for making such)
suitable for use as an electrolyte, having a first layer of a dense,
non-porous conductive material; a second layer of a porous ionic
conductive material; and a third layer of a dense non-porous conductive
material, wherein the second layer has a Coefficient of thermal expansion
within 5% of the coefficient of thermal expansion of the first and third
layers.