The invention provides a human KLK13 which is associated with the hematological diseases, neurological diseases, metabolic diseases, endocrinological diseases, dermatological diseases, gastroenterological diseases, urological diseases, cancer disorders and inflammation. The invention also provides assays for the identification of compounds useful in the treatment or prevention of hematological diseases, neurological diseases, metabolic diseases, endocrinological diseases, dermatological diseases, gastroenterological diseases, urological diseases, cancer disorders and inflammation. The invention also features compounds which bind to and/or activate or inhibit the activity of KLK13 as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds.