The invention relates to a process for production of propylene in particular from a C4 and/or C5 cut from steam cracking and/or catalytic cracking, preferably comprising both butenes and pentenes, said process comprising at least one oligomerization stage, followed by a stage of catalytic cracking of the oligomers formed.Preliminary oligomerization, in particular of a wide fraction of the charge, makes it possible to optimize the yields, the conversion, and the selectivity for propylene, relative to direct cracking. It also makes it possible for cracking to be carried out in a fixed, moving, or fluidized bed, optionally with co-production of oligomers for uses other than the production of propylene.