A chemical vapor deposition method includes a step of maintaining a
hydrogen plasma at low pressure in a processing chamber. The processing
chamber has a long, wide, thin geometry to favor deposition of thin-film
silicon on sheet substrates over the chamber walls. The sheet substrates
are moved through between ends. A pair of opposing radio frequency
electrodes above and below the workpieces are electrically driven hard to
generate a flat, pancaked plasma cloud in the middle spaces of the
processing chamber. A collinear series of gas injector jets pointed
slightly up on a silane-jet manifold introduce 100% silane gas at high
velocity from the side in order to roll the plasma cloud in a coaxial
vortex. A second such silane-jet manifold is placed on the opposite side
and pointed slightly down to further help roll the plasma and maintain a
narrow band of silane concentration. A silane-concentration monitor
observes the relative amplitudes of the spectral signatures of the silane
and the hydrogen constituents in the roll-vortex plasma and outputs a
process control feedback signal that is used to keep the silane in
hydrogen concentration at about 6-7%.