A frame of a reciprocating compressor includes a main frame having a cylindrical insertion hole to receive a cylinder of a compression unit along a center axis thereof and a flange that supports an outer stator of a reciprocating motor at the outer circumference of the flange. A sub frame is engaged to the main frame by an engaging device and positioned to cover an outer circumferential surface of the cylinder to form an oil flow path in a space between the main frame and the cylinder.