A locking storage case for holding a toothbrush. As two parts of the case are slidably engaged with each other to form an enclosed cavity holding the toothbrush, a combination lock, integrally and rigidly mounted to the parts of the case, becomes engaged for locking the case. A suction cup is provided for hanging the locking case from a smooth surface. A resealable plastic bag is provided within the locking case for sealing the toothbrush from germs and moisture and contaminants, and the resealable bag may have an antibacterial coating on its interior surface. A toothpaste tube may be provided in the cavity, and the toothbrush may have a removable head attached to a body that is joined to one of the case parts.