There is provided a method of recovering a dropped call in a mobile communication system. When a call is dropped, a mobile station determines whether two consecutive good frames have been received on a traffic channel that was disconnected in relation to the dropped call, while searching for an adjacent base station whose signal arrives at the mobile station with a greater received signal strength using a searcher. The mobile station is assigned to a traffic channel by the searched base station using a physical channel used for data transmission and resumes the call on the traffic channel that is available earlier between the recovered traffic channel and the assigned traffic channel.