A rod sleeve made of smart material sleeves and/or steel sleeves with
smart material rings surrounds the rod of a kinetic energy projectile.
The rod may be made of DU, tungsten, or other material. Smart materials
are materials such as nickel-titanium (nitinol) and copper aluminum
nickel (CAN) that can be trained to change to one or more particular
shapes at predetermined temperatures. The change in shape occurs on a
molecular level, almost instantaneously. The rod sleeve can be made all
or in part from smart material. The smart material is trained to shrink
at cold temperatures and expand at hot temperatures. The sleeve may then
be heated and expanded to allow the sleeve to be pressed on the rod. As
the sleeve cools, it compresses and provides required support to rod
during gun launch of the kinetic energy projectile. The sleeve heats up
while traveling down range due to the aero-ballistic heating of the
sleeve material. At this higher temperature, the sleeve expands. Upon
projectile impact with the target, the sleeve minimally penetrates the
target, allowing the rod to slip supported through the sleeve and
penetrate the target. The sleeve supports the rod as it penetrates the
target but does not inhibit its penetration, remaining behind as the rod
continues to penetrate the target.