The invention includes methods of forming a substrate having a surface comprising at least one of Pt, Pd, Co and Au in at least one of elemental and alloy forms. In one implementation, a substrate is provided which has a first substrate surface comprising at least one of Pt, Pd, Co and Au in at least one of elemental and alloy forms. The first substrate surface has a first degree of roughness. Within a chamber, the first substrate surface is exposed to a PF.sub.3 comprising atmosphere under conditions effective to form a second substrate surface comprising at least one of Pt, Pd, Co and Au in at least one of elemental and alloy forms which has a second degree of roughness which is greater than the first degree of roughness. The substrate having the second substrate surface with the second degree of roughness is ultimately removed from the chamber.

 
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> Ion exchange fluorocarbon resin membrane

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