A system providing an inductive power and data link between an external
transmitter and miniature internal receiver is presented. The system is
suited to applications where the receiver must be of a small size and the
system must consume very little power, such as an implanted biomedical
device. The system is also compatible with systems where bi-directional
communications are required. The novel transmitter and receiver form an
improved forward data telemetry system. The transmitter consists of a
Class-E converter with its optimum operating frequency being
synchronously, instantaneously and efficiently altered in accordance with
the data to be transmitted, thereby producing an FSK modulated magnetic
field of substantially constant amplitude. The constant amplitude output
allows for the continuous, data-independent transfer of power to the
miniature receiver and its associated electronics. The present invention
also represents an improvement over the high efficiency Class-E
converters previously patented by the inventors. The receiver consists of
a coil and an integrated rectifying system to recover operating power
from the incident magnetic field, as well as an FSK demodulator whose
operation is based on the multiphase comparison of charging times of
integrated capacitors. The described FSK demodulator approach removes
deleterious effects resulting from low-frequency changes in the
transmitter frequency, and eliminates time distortion artifacts generated
by circuit imbalances and asymmetries in the power recovery process. The
combination of the transmitter and receiver improvements yields a
reliable data transfer system unaffected by circuit imbalances and
incidental variations in the amplitude and frequency of the magnetic
field.