An apparatus for inducing a modification of the index of refraction of a
substrate sensitive to electromagnetic radiation. The apparatus is
capable of generating a first beam of electromagnetic radiation and a
second beam of electromagnetic radiation that is different from the first
beam. The first and the second beams converge toward a treatment area on
the substrate, which is illuminated with electromagnetic radiation. The
first beam and the second beam interact to create an interference pattern
over a limited portion of the treatment area.