The mechanical behavior of wires subjected to axial loading and
experiencing bending deformation is used to ensure effective control of
the contact pressure in mechanical and/or heat removing devices, and
similar structures and systems. An apparatus for taking advantage of the
characteristics of wires in packaging of a device, such as a
semiconductor device, is disclosed, as well as a test device for
identifying the accurate contact pressure required in same. Methods for
the prediction of such a behavior for pre-buckling, buckling, and
post-buckling conditions in wires, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and similar
wire-grid-array (WGA) structures, for example are also disclosed.