An improved shell-and-tube steam instantaneous heat exchange system of a
closely coupled feedback design which overheats water in the heat
exchanger portion of the system and then blends the water, as needed,
with proportional amounts of cold water to achieve the correct outlet
temperature for a wide range of flow rates. The system uses at least two
primary heat exchangers to provide redundancy in the case of failure of a
major component of the system. Steam flow through the heat exchangers is
controlled by the use of steam traps, rather than using a
thermostatically controlled valve to vary the supply of steam. To obtain
precise temperature control during varying water volume use, water is
directed from the blended outlet of a first water tempering valve into
the hot inlet port of a second water tempering valve. The first valve is
designed to blend cold and hot water to a predetermined temperature which
is higher than the second water tempering valve, so as to bias the second
tempering valve, thereby minimizing thermal hunting and providing tighter
temperature control from the second tempering valve.