An out-of-plane micro-structure which can be used for on-chip integration
of high-Q inductors and transformers places the magnetic field direction
parallel to the substrate plane without requiring high aspect ratio
processing. The photolithographically patterned coil structure includes
an elastic member having an intrinsic stress profile. The intrinsic
stress profile biases a free portion away from the substrate forming a
loop winding. An anchor portion remains fixed to the substrate. The free
portion end becomes a second anchor portion which may be connected to the
substrate via soldering or plating. A series of individual coil
structures can be joined via their anchor portions to form inductors and
transformers.