A topcoat material for application on top of a photoresist material is
disclosed. The topcoat material comprises an acid-inert compound. The
topcoat material also comprises a polymer or an oligomer or a cage
structure which shows negligible intermixing with the imaging layer and
is soluble in aqueous base developer. A method of forming a patterned
material layer on a substrate and a coated substrate comprising the
topcoat material is also disclosed.