An exhaust apparatus has an exhaust pipe that receives exhaust gas from an engine and a muffler attached to the exhaust pipe. The muffler has an exhaust portion that discharges exhaust gas received by the exhaust pipe. A tubular member is attached to the exhaust portion and has an exhaust inlet portion for passage therethrough of the exhaust gas discharged through the exhaust portion and an opening portion formed oppositely from the exhaust inlet portion. A filter formed from metal fibers is disposed in the tubular member to reduce an exhaust noise created by the exhaust gas. A cap member is attached to the opening portion of the tubular member and has an exhaust outlet portion that discharges the exhaust gas from the muffler.

 
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> Diamagnetic current response transducer for sensing pressure gradient in a fluid medium

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