A three-dimensional structure element having a plurality of three-dimensional structural bodies and capable of being uniformly formed without producing a dispersion in shape of the three-dimensional structural bodies, comprising a substrate (11) and the three-dimensional structural bodies (1) disposed in a predetermined effective area (20) on the substrate (11), the three-dimensional structural bodies (1) further comprising space parts formed in the clearances thereof from the substrate (11) by removing sacrificing layers, the substrate (11) further comprising a dummy area (21) having dummy structural bodies (33) so as to surround the effective area (20), the dummy structural body (33) further comprising space parts formed in the clearances thereof from the substrate (11) by removing the sacrificing layers, whereby since the dummy area (21) is heated merely to approx. the same temperature as the effective area (20) in an ashing process for removing the sacrificing layers to prevent a temperature distribution from occurring in the effective area (20).