A suction gas guide system (100) for reciprocating compressor (30) comprises a gas guide conduit having both ends installed on a suction pipe (SP) of a shell (10) and on an inner flowing passage of a piston (31) so as to face each other and guiding sucked gas inside the shell (10) to the inner flowing passage of the piston (31), whereby a refrigerant gas is sucked into the gas flowing passage of the piston (31) through the gas guide conduit (100) smoothly. Accordingly, suction rate of the refrigerant gas is increased, moreover, noise and vibration generated during suction of the refrigerant gas are reduced, and therefore flow resistance for the noise and the sucked gas is reduced, whereby the reliability and efficiency of the compressor is increased. Also, the pre-heating of the gas by the motor (20) is prevented, and then increase of the specific volume of the gas is prevented, and thereby the efficiency of the compressor (30) is increased.