Systems and methods for local synthesis of silicon nanowires and carbon nanotubes, as well as electric field assisted self-assembly of silicon nanowires and carbon nanotubes, are described. By employing localized heating in the growth of the nanowires or nanotubes, the structures can be synthesized on a device in a room temperature chamber without the device being subjected to overall heating. The method is localized and selective, and provides for a suspended microstructure to achieve the thermal requirement for vapor deposition synthesis, while the remainder of the chip or substrate remains at room temperature. Furthermore, by employing electric field assisted self-assembly techniques according to the present invention, it is not necessary to grow the nanotubes and nanowires and separately connect them to a device. Instead, the present invention provides for self-assembly of the nanotubes and nanowires on the devices themselves, thus providing for nano-to micro-integration.